Formula Guide

The Excel RATE Function
explained simply

RATE solves for the interest rate of a loan or investment when you already know the payment, number of periods, and present value.

ExcelPro · 4 min read · Updated June 2026
Contents
  1. What does RATE do?
  2. Syntax
  3. 3 examples
  4. FAQ

What does RATE do?

RATE works backward from a known payment, number of periods, and loan/investment amount to find the interest rate that makes them all consistent.

Useful for figuring out the real interest rate on a loan offer when you only know the monthly payment and the principal.

Syntax

=RATE(nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type])
ArgumentDescription
nper requiredThe total number of payment periods.
pmt requiredThe payment made each period (negative, since it leaves your hand).
pv requiredThe present value or loan amount.
fv optionalThe future value or remaining balance. Defaults to 0.
type optional0 = payments at end of period (default), 1 = start.

Examples

Example 1
Find the monthly rate on a loan
=RATE(36,-200,5000)

A $5,000 loan repaid at $200/month for 36 months implies a monthly rate of about 2.12%.

Example 2
Convert to an annual rate
=RATE(36,-200,5000)*12

Multiplying the monthly rate by 12 gives an approximate annual rate, around 25.5% — worth double-checking against APR conventions for precise comparisons.

Example 3
Find the rate on an investment goal
=RATE(120,-300,,50000)

What rate is needed for $300/month over 10 years to reach $50,000, with no starting balance.

Common mistakes

⚠️ Forgetting RATE returns a per-period rate, not necessarily annual

If your periods are months, the result is a monthly rate — multiply by 12 (approximately) to compare to an annual rate.

FAQ

Why might RATE return an error?
If the payment, periods, and amounts are mathematically inconsistent (e.g. a payment too small to ever pay off the balance), RATE cannot find a solution.

Practise RATE with real data

ExcelPro has hands-on RATE exercises built into real job scenarios — free to start.

Try RATE exercises →

Related formulas

NPER PMT FV